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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

Cure and Long-Term Remission Strategies.

Luisa Mori¹, Susana T Valente²

¹Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|January 5, 2022

Summary

Researchers are exploring a "block-and-lock" strategy to achieve a functional cure for HIV. This approach aims to epigenetically silence the virus, preventing its reactivation and spread without ongoing antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Keywords:

Block-and-lock Epigenetic silencing HIV functional cure HIV transcription Tat inhibitors

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Molecular Biology
Drug Discovery

Background:

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV but viral rebound occurs upon interruption.
HIV persists in latent reservoirs, causing chronic immune activation, inflammation, and comorbidities.
Current ART controls viremia but does not eliminate the latent viral reservoir.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the principles of the 'block-and-lock' approach for a functional HIV cure.
To discuss strategies for achieving long-term, durable control of HIV expression.
To explore methods for silencing proviral DNA and preventing viral reactivation.

Main Methods:

Review of existing scientific literature on HIV latency and functional cure strategies.
Discussion of epigenetic silencing mechanisms targeting HIV transcription.
Analysis of small molecule inhibitors targeting HIV transcription for proof-of-concept.

Main Results:

The 'block-and-lock' strategy proposes epigenetic silencing to induce a profound latent state.
Proof-of-concept demonstrated using a small molecule targeting HIV transcription.
This approach aims for durable viral control without continuous antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusions:

The 'block-and-lock' approach offers a promising strategy for a functional HIV cure.
Epigenetic silencing can potentially lock HIV into a non-replicative state.
Further research into silencing strategies is crucial for developing effective HIV cure interventions.