Recent Developments of Coumarin-based Hybrids in Drug Discovery

Coumarin scaffold is a highly significant O-heterocycle, namely benzopyran-2-ones, which form an elite class of naturally occurring compounds with promising therapeutic perspectives. Based on its broad spectrum of biological activities, the privileged coumarin scaffold is applied to medicinal and pharmacological treatments by several rational design strategies and approaches. Structure-activity relationships of the coumarin-based hybrids with various bioactivity fragments revealed significant information toward the further development of highly potent and selective disorder therapeutic agents. The molecular docking studies between coumarins and critical therapeutic enzymes demonstrated a mode of action by forming noncovalent interactions with more than one receptor, further rationally confirming information about structure-activity relationships. This review summarizes recent developments related to coumarin-based hybrids with other pharmacophores aiming at numerous feasible therapeutic enzymatic targets in order to combat various therapeutic fields, including anticancer, antimicrobic, anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory activities.