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Internal jugular phlebectasia in pediatric patients: a report of two Saudi cases

Sultan Alrabea1, Anoof Eshky2, Thamer Albilasi2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Al-Jouf, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Surgical Case Reports
|January 6, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Phlebectasia, a rare neck vein dilation, is often found incidentally in children. This case series highlights two boys diagnosed with internal jugular phlebectasia during tonsillitis evaluations.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Phlebectasia is a rare venous malformation characterized by abnormal dilatation of a vein.
  • Internal jugular vein phlebectasia is the most common presentation, predominantly affecting pediatric males.
  • Diagnosis typically involves advanced imaging techniques such as ultrasound with Doppler and contrast-enhanced CT.

Observation:

  • This report details two pediatric cases of internal jugular phlebectasia.
  • Both patients were boys, aged 8 and 5 years, presenting for recurrent tonsillitis.
  • The phlebectasia was an incidental finding during the pre-tonsillectomy workup.

Findings:

  • The two pediatric cases demonstrate internal jugular phlebectasia as an incidental diagnosis.
  • Ultrasound with Doppler and contrast-enhanced CT confirmed the venous dilatation.
  • Conservative management is generally indicated unless complications arise.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering phlebectasia in pediatric patients with neck masses or vascular anomalies.
  • Emphasizes the role of incidental findings in diagnosing rare conditions like internal jugular phlebectasia.
  • Supports conservative management strategies for uncomplicated phlebectasia, reserving surgery for complex cases.

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