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Differential and targeted vesiculation: pathologic cellular responses to elevated arterial pressure.

Paul A Brown1

  • 1Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences Teaching and Research Complex, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. paul.brown02@uwimona.edu.jm.

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
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PubMed
Summary

Elevated arterial pressure triggers extracellular vesicle release in diseases, contributing to endothelial dysfunction. This review proposes a unified theory of pressure-induced, vesicle-mediated pathogenesis.

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AtherosclerosisElevated arterial pressureEndothelial dysfunctionExosomesExtracellular vesiclesMicrovesicles

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released during cell activation/injury and carry pathogenic molecules.
  • EV biogenesis is enhanced in diseases with elevated arterial pressure and endothelial dysfunction.
  • The role of pressure as a common trigger across vascular domains is not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review EV biogenesis in diseases with elevated arterial pressure and endothelial dysfunction.
  • To propose a unified theory of pressure-induced EV-mediated pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing current knowledge on EV biogenesis.
  • Analysis of EV roles in various diseases characterized by hypertension and endothelial dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Differential and targeted EV biogenesis is observed in response to elevated arterial pressure.
  • EVs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of pressure-induced endothelial dysfunction.
  • Existing studies highlight EV involvement in various vascular pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated arterial pressure is a common pathogenic trigger for EV release and subsequent endothelial dysfunction.
  • A unified theory of pressure-induced EV-mediated pathogenesis is proposed.
  • Understanding EV roles in hypertension is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.