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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
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Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Published on: October 2, 2020

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Hospitalization patterns in HD patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A comprehensive cohort study

Ezzedine Abderrahim1,2, Ayman S Moussa1,3, Mahmoud Ahmed1

  • 1DaVita Health Care, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis : Official Peer-Reviewed Journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy
|January 6, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Hospitalizations in hemodialysis (HD) patients are common, with infections being the leading cause and resulting in longer stays. These hospitalizations are linked to increased mortality risk in HD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Hospitalization rates serve as a key indicator of morbidity in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
  • Understanding hospitalization patterns is crucial for managing patient health and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate hospitalization patterns in a large cohort of hemodialysis patients.
  • To identify the primary causes and characteristics of hospitalizations in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of DaVita-KSA HD patient data from October 2014 to December 2019.
  • Inclusion of demographical, clinical, and hospitalization data; exclusion of admissions less than 24 hours.
  • Calculation of overall and cause-specific hospitalization rates.

Main Results:

  • 3982 patients analyzed; 2667 hospitalizations recorded in 34.1% of patients, with 45.6% experiencing repeat admissions.
  • Infectious causes (26.6%) were more frequent than cardiovascular complications (15.6%).
  • Median hospital stay was 11 days; annual hospitalization rate was 34.9%, with an average duration of 3.7 days per patient. Hospitalized patients faced a significantly higher mortality risk (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Infectious complications are the primary driver of hospitalizations among hemodialysis patients.
  • Infections also contribute to the longest hospital stays.
  • Hospitalization in HD patients is associated with increased mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
ESRDHDSaudi Arabiahospitalization ratesmorbidity

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