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Assessment of the Difficulties Experienced by Individuals with Intestinal Stomas: A Qualitative Study
1At Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey, Ferzan Kalayci, MSc, RN, is Nurse, Health Practice and Research Hospital; and Nazike Duruk, PhD, RN, is Associate Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department. Acknowledgment: Study expenses were covered within the scope of the project numbered 2019-2525, which was presented to and approved by the Scientific Research Projects Commission of the Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Turkey. The authors have disclosed no other financial relationships related to this article. Submitted March 17, 2021; accepted in revised form April 21, 2021; published online ahead of print January 4, 2022.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the difficulties faced by individuals with intestinal stomas.
Methods:
The authors used a qualitative descriptive phenomenologic design. The study population comprised individuals with intestinal stoma living in Eskişehir who were 18 years or older and did not have any mental, physical, and communication disorders. Criterion sampling and snowball sampling methods were used. Data were collected from June to September 2019 through a questionnaire of personal characteristics as well as a semistructured interview. Data on personal characteristics were analyzed in numbers and percentages, and qualitative data were analyzed using the MAXQDA 2020 program (VERBI Software, Berlin, Germany).
Results:
The study data were evaluated under two headings: (1) themes created using the Roy's Adaptation Model and (2) other themes. In the themes created using the Roy's Adaptation Model, difficulties related to the physiologic adaptation mode and interdependence adaptation mode were observed, whereas among other themes, difficulties due to lack of information and economic worries were commonly reported.
Conclusions:
Most individuals experienced sleep pattern disturbances; faced issues in their relationships with family and friends due to physiologic and psychological distress; received no training for stoma care, diet, or sexual life; could not cope with issues related to the stoma; and faced financial difficulties in procuring stoma bags and care products.
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