Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 7, 2025
10:08
Construction and Setup of a Bench-scale Algal Photosynthetic Bioreactor with Temperature, Light, and pH Monitoring for Kinetic Growth Tests
Published on: June 14, 2017
16.8K
Bioenergy production in Pakistan: Potential, progress, and prospect
Sawar Khan1, Ayesha Nisar1, Bo Wu1
1Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
The Science of the Total Environment
|January 6, 2022
Summary
Pakistan
Area of Science:
- Renewable Energy
- Sustainable Development
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Pakistan faces significant economic and energy challenges due to a rapidly growing population.
- The country's energy demand is increasing, currently at 84 MTOE, dominated by depleting fossil fuels.
- Indigenous fossil fuel resources are insufficient to meet future energy needs, necessitating alternative solutions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review bioenergy, biomass resources, and conversion technologies in Pakistan.
- To analyze Pakistan's current energy mix and the potential of biomass.
- To identify challenges and opportunities for sustainable bioenergy production.
Main Methods:
- Overview of bioenergy concepts and technologies.
- Detailed analysis of Pakistan's energy sector.
- Quantification of available biomass resources (agricultural residues, animal manure, MSW).
Main Results:
- Pakistan generates approximately 121 MT of agricultural residues, 427 MT of animal manure, and 7.5 MT of MSW annually.
- These resources can yield 20,709 MW of bio-electricity and 12,615 million m³ of biogas.
- Diverse bioenergy options, from biofuels to bio-electricity, are available.
Conclusions:
- Biomass offers a promising, sustainable, and eco-friendly energy alternative for Pakistan.
- Significant potential exists for bioenergy production to address the energy crisis.
- Overcoming critical challenges is essential for effective biomass management and utilization.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:21Green Algae
255
Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
255
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
393
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
393
01:01Production Efficiency
17.1K
Net production efficiency (NPE) is the efficiency at which organisms assimilate energy into biomass for the next trophic level. Due to low metabolic rates and less energy spent on thermoregulatory processes, the NPE of ectotherms (cold-blooded animals) is 10 times higher than endotherms (warm-blooded animals).
17.1K
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
20.0K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
20.0K
01:20Fates of Pyruvate
9.3K
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
9.3K
00:46Bioremediation
20.8K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
20.8K