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Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
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Diffusion MRI fiber diameter for muscle denervation assessment.

Ek T Tan1, Kelly C Zochowski1, Darryl B Sneag1

  • 1Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
|January 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Diffusion MRI-based apparent muscle fiber diameter (AFD) accurately detects muscle denervation. This novel method shows significant AFD differences in denervated muscles compared to healthy controls, outperforming standard diffusion metrics.

Keywords:
Diffusion imagingfiber diametermuscle denervation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Musculoskeletal Imaging

Background:

  • Muscle denervation assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing neuromuscular disorders.
  • Current imaging techniques have limitations in quantifying denervation-induced muscle changes.
  • Diffusion MRI offers potential for non-invasive evaluation of muscle microstructural alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a diffusion MRI-based apparent muscle fiber diameter (AFD) method.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of AFD in differentiating denervated, non-denervated, and healthy muscles.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of AFD against conventional diffusion metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Employed spin-echo diffusion MRI with multi-b-valued sampling and an orientation-invariant dictionary approach.
  • Utilized cylinder-based forward and multi-compartment models to derive restricted and free water fractions.
  • Analyzed 18 patient (muscle denervation) and 8 healthy subject exams (3T MRI), selecting ROIs from six shoulder muscles.

Main Results:

  • Mean AFD was significantly lower in denervated (60.7±15.9 µm) and non-denervated (71.6±15.3 µm) muscles compared to controls (89.7±13.6 µm) (P<0.001).
  • AFD demonstrated significant differences across all paired comparisons and in 10/12 individual muscle regions.
  • Low correlations were observed between AFD and fat fraction (FF) (-0.331) and T2 (-0.395), suggesting complementary information.

Conclusions:

  • Diffusion MRI-derived apparent muscle fiber diameter (AFD) is a sensitive marker for muscle denervation.
  • AFD provides a non-invasive method to assess muscle microstructural changes associated with denervation.
  • AFD complements existing techniques like T2- and fat fraction (FF)-mapping for comprehensive denervation assessment.