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Diabetes Distal Peripheral Neuropathy: Subtypes and Diagnostic and Screening Technologies.

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Diabetes distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) is common and serious. This review covers DSPN subtypes and the latest diagnostic technologies for small- and large-fiber disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Diabetology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetes distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) is the most common neuropathy in industrialized nations.
  • DSPN significantly elevates risks for morbidity and premature mortality.
  • It can present as small-fiber disease, large-fiber disease, or a combination of both.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review DSPN subtypes, including clinical signs and symptoms.
  • To summarize diagnostic and screening technologies for both small- and large-fiber DSPN.
  • To provide an up-to-date literature review of relevant studies from 2015 to the present.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of published studies from 2015 to the present.
  • Analysis of 66 relevant research articles.
  • Synthesis of findings on DSPN subtypes and diagnostic technologies.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of DSPN subtypes: small-fiber disease and large-fiber disease.
  • Inclusion of clinical signs and patient-reported symptoms for each subtype.
  • Summary of current technological advancements in diagnosing and screening for DSPN.

Conclusions:

  • The review advances understanding of DSPN.
  • Highlights the importance of accurate screening technologies.
  • Emphasizes the utility of point-of-care diagnostic tools for primary care and endocrinology practices.