Myocarditis in systemic immune-mediated diseases: Prevalence, characteristics and prognosis. A systematic review
Chun-Yan Cheng1, Anna Baritussio1, Andrea Silvio Giordani1
1Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract:
Many systemic immune-mediated diseases (SIDs) may involve the heart and present as myocarditis with different histopathological pictures, i.e. lymphocytic, eosinophilic, granulomatous, and clinical features, ranging from a completely asymptomatic patient to life-threatening cardiogenic shock or arrhythmias. Myocarditis can be part of some SIDs, such as sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, antiphospholipid syndrome, dermato-polymyositis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and other vasculitis syndromes, but also of some organ-based immune-mediated diseases with systemic expression, such as chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of this review is to describe the prevalence, main clinical characteristics and prognosis of myocarditis associated with SIDs.
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