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Cross-sectional association between body fat percentage and arteriosclerosis assessed by Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index
Linfeng He1, Lijuan Bai1, Lihua Liu1
1Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Insights
Body fat percentage (BFP) is non-linearly associated with arteriosclerosis, measured by Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI). A significant positive correlation exists when BFP exceeds 20.6%.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular health
- Vascular biology
- Geriatric medicine
Background:
- Arteriosclerosis is a significant health concern, particularly in aging populations.
- The Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) is a validated measure of arterial stiffness.
- Understanding factors influencing arteriosclerosis is crucial for preventive strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate arteriosclerosis using CAVI.
- To explore the relationship between body fat percentage (BFP) and CAVI.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of 1152 patients.
- Analysis using multiple linear regression and generalized additive models.
- Stratified analysis based on BFP quartiles and age.
Main Results:
- Body fat percentage (BFP) showed a positive correlation with CAVI (β=0.03).
- A non-linear association was observed; a significant positive correlation emerged when BFP was ≥20.6% (β=0.05).
- An interaction between BFP and CAVI was noted in age stratification (p=0.038).
Conclusions:
- Body fat percentage is non-linearly correlated with arteriosclerosis.
- For individuals with BFP ≥20.6%, a 1% increase in BFP corresponds to a 0.05 increase in CAVI.
- Age is a significant factor in the BFP-CAVI relationship.
Objective:
To evaluate arteriosclerosis using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and to explore the relation between the body fat percentage (BFP) and CAVI.
Design:
A retrospective observational study.
Setting And Participants:
A total of 1152 patients admitted to a geriatric unit and general practice at a mega hospital in Wuhan, China, from November 2018 to November 2019 were included in this study.
Primary Outcome:
Association between BFP and CAVI.
Results:
Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BFP was positively correlated with CAVI after correction for potential confounding variables (β=0.03; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.05); this association persisted after BFP was treated by quartile categorical variables and the trend test was statistically significant (p for trend=0.002). Meanwhile, the generalised additive model showed a non-linear association between BFP and CAVI. When BFP<20.6%, BFP is not associated with CAVI for (β=-0.02; 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.03), but when BFP≥20.6%, there is a linear positive association between BFP and CAVI (β=0.05; 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.07). Subgroup analysis showed that there was an interaction between BFP and CAVI in the age stratification (p interaction=0.038).
Conclusion:
BFP was non-linearly correlated with CAVI, with a 0.05 increase in CAVI for every 1% increase in BFP when BFP≥20.6% and a 0.03 increase in CAVI in those >65 years of age.
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