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Multiple vitamin co-exposure and mortality risk: A prospective study.
Yuan Cui1, Hao-Long Zhou1, Mu-Hong Wei1
1MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|January 9, 2022
Summary
High vitamin D levels are linked to lower mortality risk in US adults. Moderate intake of multiple vitamins also reduces risks for all-cause and cancer mortality, suggesting joint effects are important.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Previous studies on vitamins and mortality focused on individual effects with inconsistent results.
- The joint impact of multiple vitamin co-exposures on mortality remains understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate associations between serum vitamin levels and mortality.
- To explore the combined effects of multiple vitamin co-exposures on all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks in US adults.
Main Methods:
- Prospective evaluation of six serum vitamins (A, D, E, C, B12, B9) in US adults.
- Utilized NHANES data linked to mortality files up to 2015.
- Employed K-means clustering for vitamin co-exposure patterns and Cox proportional hazards models for analysis.
Main Results:
- Higher vitamin D levels correlated with reduced all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
- A J-shaped relationship was observed between most vitamins (excluding D) and all-cause mortality.
- Four distinct vitamin co-exposure patterns were identified; one pattern (vitamins A/D) showed significantly lower all-cause and cancer mortality risks.
Conclusions:
- Elevated circulating vitamin D is associated with decreased mortality risk.
- Moderate co-exposure to multiple vitamins contributes to lower mortality, highlighting the importance of combined vitamin effects.
- Findings offer a new perspective on multivitamin health impacts, warranting further mechanistic research.
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