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The arthroscopic Bankart operation: a 10-year follow-up study
S Zink1, T Pfeiffenberger2, A Müller2
1Department of Shoulder and Ellbow Surgery, Vulpiusklinik, Vulpiusstrasse 29, 74906, Bad Rappenau, Germany. zink@vulpiusklinik.de.
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
|January 9, 2022
Summary
Arthroscopic Bankart repair offers a safe and effective treatment for shoulder instability, yielding high patient satisfaction and good functional outcomes after 10 years. However, osteoarthritis development and recurrent instability remain concerns in a subset of patients.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanical Engineering
Background:
- Traumatic shoulder instability commonly affects young athletes, with arthroscopic Bankart repair being the standard treatment for eligible cases.
- While effective, recurrence of instability and the long-term effects require further investigation for optimal patient management.
- Understanding risk factors for recurrence and long-term outcomes is crucial for guiding treatment decisions in young patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the 10-year outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair for traumatic shoulder instability.
- To assess patient satisfaction, functional results, complications, and the incidence of osteoarthritis.
- To identify potential risk factors for recurrent instability and statistically validate their significance.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair were followed for 10 years.
- Physical examinations, postoperative X-rays, and validated scoring systems (Constant, ROWE, WOSI, ISIS) were used for assessment.
- Osteoarthritis severity was measured using the Samilson scale.
Main Results:
- High patient satisfaction (95.5%) and excellent functional scores (mean Constant score 95.5) were reported at the 10-year follow-up.
- Despite good outcomes, 15.3% of patients showed clinical signs of instability, with 9.1% requiring re-operation.
- Radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis was prevalent (35.7% moderate, 10.7% severe), significantly impacting functional scores.
Conclusions:
- Arthroscopic Bankart stabilization is a safe procedure with satisfying long-term functional results at 10 years.
- Osteoarthritis appears to be a key factor influencing long-term functional outcomes, even in the presence of residual instability.
- Further research is needed to refine surgical techniques and patient selection to minimize long-term complications like osteoarthritis and recurrent instability.
