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Middle-ear effusion in children with cleft palate: congenital or acquired?

F Kraus1, R Hagen1, W Shehata-Dieler1

  • 1Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|January 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Middle-ear effusion is uncommon at birth in infants with cleft palate but develops shortly after. Early audiological evaluation is crucial for timely intervention in these high-risk children.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Congenital Malformations

Background:

  • Cleft palate is a common congenital malformation affecting Eustachian tube function and middle ear ventilation.
  • Reduced middle ear ventilation in infants with cleft palate increases the risk of otitis media with effusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence of middle-ear effusions at birth and at three months in infants with cleft palate.
  • To correlate audiological findings with the presence of middle-ear effusions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 53 infants with cleft palate.
  • Analysis of newborn hearing screening, microscopic findings, tympanometry, audiometry, and intra-operative data.

Main Results:

  • Newborn hearing screening passed in 83.1% of infants.
  • Middle-ear effusion was detected in 90.6% of cases upon microscopic examination.
  • Bilateral paracentesis during cleft surgery revealed effusion in 90.6% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Middle-ear effusion is not typically present at birth in infants with cleft palate.
  • Effusions develop within the first few weeks of life, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cleft PalateEustachian TubeHearing LossOtitis Media With Effusion

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