RNA Drug Delivery Using Biogenic Nanovehicles for Cancer Therapy

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• RNA-based therapeutics, including siRNA and mRNA, are approved for various diseases but not yet for cancer.
• Tumor microenvironment complexity and intrinsic RNA limitations hinder cancer treatment applications.
• Nanoparticle-based strategies using biogenic materials are emerging to overcome these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review RNA-based nano-delivery systems utilizing biogenic materials for cancer therapy.
• To highlight the advantages of biogenic materials over synthetic polymers in RNA delivery.
• To provide a reference for researchers in biogenic delivery and RNA-based cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of RNA-based nano-delivery systems for cancer therapy.
• Focus on systems employing biogenic materials like oligonucleotides, exosomes, and cell membranes.
• Analysis of internalization, endosomal escape, and targeting capabilities.

Main Results:

• Biogenic nanoparticles demonstrate superior biocompatibility and lower toxicity compared to synthetic alternatives.
• Oligonucleotides, exosomes, and cell membranes exhibit distinct properties influencing RNA delivery efficacy.
• These materials offer tailored capacities for cellular internalization, endosomal escape, and tumor targeting.

Conclusions:

• Biogenic nano-delivery systems represent a promising platform for advancing RNA-based cancer therapies.
• Understanding the specific characteristics of different biogenic materials is crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
• This review provides valuable insights into the development of effective RNA cancer treatments.