Evaluation of Body Fat Composition and Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. It is a multi-factorial disease, of which excess androgen and android fat pattern is previously reported. The digit ratio (2D:4D) is the ratio of length of index finger to the length of ring finger which epitomize the prenatal gonadal hormone exposure. So, the present study aimed to evaluate body fat composition and digit ratio among young adolescent PCOS patients and normal individuals. It was an analytical cross-sectional study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 subjects (24 in each group), that is, control and PCOS group were identified and baseline characteristics were recorded. Body fat composition was evaluated using body fat analyzer and digit ratio (2D:4D) was measured using the digital Vernier calipers. Student's t-test was used to assess differences between means. In the present study, BMI was significantly increased among the PCOS group compared to the normal (p=0.03). The 2D:4D digit ratio was significantly lower (p=0.001) among the PCOS group. Body fat (p=0.05) and visceral fat (p=0.01) were significantly higher among the PCOS group. There was negative correlation between BMI, body fat, visceral fat and digit ratio, but was not statistically significant while body fat, visceral fat and BMI showed significant positive correlation. The present study indicates that the 2D:4D digit ratio is decreased, while BMI, body fat and visceral fat are significantly increased among the PCOS group. Digit ratio and body fat can be used to evaluate the high risk PCOS adolescents and plan early interventions.