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Pseudocystic Osteosarcoma: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall - Case Report.

Oussama Abcha¹, Ameni Ammar¹, Mohamed Hamadi Ben Saleh¹

¹Department of Traumatology, KASSAB Institute, Manouba, Tunisia.

Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports

|January 10, 2022

Summary

Pseudocystic osteosarcoma, a rare variant, can mimic benign bone cysts. Early recognition is crucial for effective treatment of this osteosarcoma subtype.

Keywords:

Osteosarcoma pseudocystic reconstruction surgery

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Oncology
Pediatric Oncology
Skeletal Radiology

Background:

Pseudocystic osteosarcoma (OS) is an uncommon variant of conventional OS.
It often presents with clinical and radiological features suggesting a benign process and slow growth rate.
Delayed diagnosis or inappropriate initial procedures can negatively impact treatment outcomes.

Observation:

A rare case of pseudocystic OS in the distal femur of a 6-year-old boy is presented.
Initial imaging suggested a simple bone cyst or osteomyelitis due to an osteolytic lesion.
Histopathology confirmed conventional OS after initial curettage.

Findings:

The patient received standard chemotherapy and underwent surgical resection.
Reconstruction was achieved using a non-vascularized autograft with the induced membrane technique.
At 3-year follow-up, the patient was disease-free with excellent functional and anatomical results.

Implications:

Pseudocystic OS can present as a benign bone cyst, necessitating its inclusion in differential diagnoses.
This highlights the importance of considering rare OS variants in bone cyst-like presentations.
Accurate diagnosis is vital for timely and appropriate management of osteosarcoma.