Prediabetes Burden in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Musa Ado Bashir1, Anas Ibrahim Yahaya1, Mukhtar Muhammad1
1Department of Anatomy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
Frontiers in Public Health
|January 10, 2022
Summary
Prediabetes affects 13.2% of Nigerian adults using ADA criteria and 10.4% using WHO criteria, translating to millions impacted. This highlights a significant public health challenge in Nigeria.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Prediabetes represents a critical stage between normal glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes, increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
- A growing global prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes necessitates accurate burden estimation in specific populations.
- This study addresses the need to quantify the prediabetes burden in Nigeria, a nation facing rising diabetes rates.
Approach:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, searching Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus.
- Fifteen studies encompassing 14,206 individuals from 2000-2019 were included, with data pooled separately for American Diabetes Association (ADA) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
- Prevalence rates were analyzed based on diagnostic criteria, sex, and settlement type (urban/rural).
Key Points:
- The pooled prevalence of prediabetes in Nigeria was 13.2% (ADA criteria) and 10.4% (WHO criteria).
- This translates to an estimated 15.8 million (ADA) and 12.5 million (WHO) adult cases in Nigeria.
- Prevalence rates were similar between men (12.1%) and women, and between urban (9%) and rural (9%) settings.
Conclusions:
- Nigeria's prediabetes prevalence is nearly double the 2003 International Diabetes Federation estimate.
- Similar prevalence across sexes and settlements suggests a widespread cardiovascular risk burden.
- The rising prediabetes burden poses a significant challenge to Nigeria's healthcare system.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
3.1K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.1K
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
1.0K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.0K
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
12.4K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
12.4K
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
1.7K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.7K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
3.5K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.5K
01:15Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
433
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
433