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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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The immune...
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What is the Immune System?01:38

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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
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Regulatory T cell function in autoimmune disease.

Anandi Rajendeeran1, Klaus Tenbrock1

  • 1RWTH Aachen University, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Rheumatology, Pauwelsstr 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.

Journal of Translational Autoimmunity
|January 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmune diseases. This review explores Treg function in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, and discusses therapies to enhance Treg activity.

Keywords:
Foxp3IL-2Juvenile idiopathic arthritisRegulatory T cellsSLE

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Autoimmune diseases arise from a loss of self-tolerance, leading to tissue damage.
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical immune cells that maintain self-tolerance.
  • Dysfunction of Tregs is implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the function and pathophysiology of Tregs in autoimmune diseases.
  • To examine the role of Tregs in rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • To provide an overview of current and future therapeutic strategies targeting Treg function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Treg function in autoimmunity.
  • Analysis of Treg pathophysiology in specific autoimmune diseases.
  • Synthesis of information on therapeutic interventions for Treg enhancement.

Main Results:

  • Tregs play a pivotal role in preventing autoimmune responses.
  • Impaired Treg function contributes to the development of rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Various therapeutic approaches are being developed to restore or boost Treg activity.

Conclusions:

  • Restoring Treg function holds significant therapeutic potential for autoimmune diseases.
  • Targeting Tregs offers a promising avenue for novel treatment strategies.
  • Further research into Treg biology is essential for advancing autoimmune disease therapies.