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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
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Polypharmacy in elderly people.

Peter Dovjak1

  • 1Department of Acute Geriatrics, Salzkammergut Klinikum Gmunden, Miller von Aichholzstr. 49, 4810, Gmunden, Austria. peter.dovjak@ooeg.at.

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|January 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polypharmacy, the use of multiple medications, poses significant risks to elderly patients. This review explores its causes, effects on health, and provides a practical guide to deprescribing safely.

Keywords:
DeprescribingFrailtyMultimorbidityPotential inappropriate medicationTools

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Polypharmacy is a growing concern in aging populations.
  • It is associated with increased risks, morbidity, and mortality.
  • Contributing factors include managing comorbidities and rising multimorbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of polypharmacy on patient outcomes.
  • To identify causes and confounders of polypharmacy.
  • To present a stepwise manual for deprescribing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of randomized control trials and reviews.
  • Focus on studies from 2015 onwards in the PubMed database.
  • Inclusion of relevant citations.

Main Results:

  • Polypharmacy significantly increases mortality and morbidity risks.
  • Current deprescribing methods are limited and yield conflicting results.
  • Lack of disease-specific guidelines contributes to polypharmacy.

Conclusions:

  • Polypharmacy requires careful management and effective deprescribing strategies.
  • Further research is needed to refine deprescribing guidelines.
  • Addressing polypharmacy is crucial for improving elderly patient care.