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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells
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Epigenetics of Cutaneous Sarcoma.

Emi Mashima1, Yu Sawada1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifications impact skin cancer development and progression. This review explores their role in cutaneous sarcomas and potential targeted therapies for these challenging skin cancers.

Keywords:
Kaposi’s sarcomaangiosarcomadermatofibrosarcoma protuberansepigeneticsleiomyosarcomaliposarcomaskin sarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Epigenetic alterations are crucial in various human diseases, including skin conditions.
  • Cutaneous sarcomas represent aggressive skin cancers with limited treatment options for advanced stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic modifications in specific skin sarcomas.
  • To explore the potential of epigenetic-targeted therapies for treating cutaneous sarcomas.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic studies related to skin sarcomas.
  • Analysis of molecular effects of epigenetic changes in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, angiosarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and liposarcoma.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various cutaneous sarcomas.
  • Specific epigenetic alterations are identified across different types of skin sarcomas.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding epigenetic mechanisms is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies for intractable skin sarcomas.
  • Epigenetic-targeted therapies offer promising avenues for managing advanced cutaneous sarcomas.