The New Ion-Selective Electrodes Developed for Ferric Cations Determination, Modified with Synthesized Al and...

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are crucial for chemical analysis.
• Developing sensitive and selective electrodes for iron(III) determination remains an active research area.
• Nanoparticle incorporation can enhance ISE performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To optimize the membrane composition of solid-state ion-selective electrodes for iron(III) cation determination.
• To investigate the effect of various nanoparticles on electrode sensing properties.
• To establish an ideal membrane formulation for accurate iron(III) analysis.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of solid-state ion-selective electrodes using FePO4:Ag2S:polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite membranes.
• Incorporation of microwave-synthesized hematite (α-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), boehmite [γ-AlO(OH)], and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs).
• Characterization of NPs using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).
• Electrochemical performance evaluation of the fabricated electrodes, including linear range, sensitivity (slope), and correlation factor.

Main Results:

• Iron oxide nanoparticles (hematite and magnetite) positively influenced the sensing properties compared to alumina and boehmite.
• Hematite nanoparticles demonstrated the most significant improvement in the linear determination range for ferric cations.
• The optimized membrane with 0.25% hematite NPs exhibited a slope of -19.75 mV/decade within a wide linear range (1.2×10⁻⁶ to 10⁻² mol L⁻¹).
• High recoveries (99.4-106.7%) were achieved for ferric cation determination in standard solutions.

Conclusions:

• The addition of specific nanoparticles, particularly hematite, can significantly enhance the performance of solid-state ion-selective electrodes.
• The developed electrode offers a promising tool for sensitive and selective determination of iron(III) cations.
• The findings contribute to the advancement of electrochemical sensing technologies for environmental and industrial applications.