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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...

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Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Based Nanoparticles as Essential Oil Carriers.

Iolanda Corrado1, Rocco Di Girolamo1, Carlos Regalado-González2

  • 1Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.

Polymers
|January 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mexican oregano essential oils (EOs) were encapsulated in biodegradable Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based nanoparticles for food preservation. These nanosystems show controlled release and enhanced antimicrobial activity, offering a green alternative for active packaging.

Keywords:
antimicrobial activityessential oilin vitro releasenanoencapsulationnatural food preservativespolyhydroxyalkanoates

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plant-derived essential oils (EOs) offer a sustainable alternative to conventional food preservatives.
  • The volatility and instability of EOs necessitate effective encapsulation for practical application.
  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) provide tunable, biodegradable matrices for controlled EO delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based nanoparticles for encapsulating Mexican oregano essential oil (EO).
  • To evaluate the in vitro release kinetics and antimicrobial efficacy of the developed EO-loaded nanosystems.
  • To explore the potential of these nanosystems for active food packaging applications.

Main Methods:

  • Solvent evaporation technique was used to encapsulate EO in Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate (PHB-HHx) nanoparticles.
  • Nanoparticle size, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity were determined.
  • In vitro release studies were conducted using food simulant media and analyzed with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model.
  • Antimicrobial activity was assessed against Micrococcus luteus.

Main Results:

  • High encapsulation efficiency (>60%) and loading capacity (~50%) were achieved for EO-loaded PHB and PHB-HHx nanoparticles (150-210 nm).
  • In vitro release studies indicated diffusion-controlled release, influenced by polymer composition.
  • Both EO-loaded nanosystems demonstrated antimicrobial activity, with PHB-HHx-based nanoparticles showing superior efficacy compared to pure EO.

Conclusions:

  • PHA-based nanoparticles are effective carriers for Mexican oregano essential oil, offering controlled release and enhanced stability.
  • The developed nanosystems exhibit significant antimicrobial properties, suitable for food preservation.
  • These findings support the use of EO-loaded PHA nanoparticles in active packaging for extending food shelf life.