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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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[Gut microbiome composition in pre-adolescent children with different meat consumption patterns].

Q Lin1, J Lun1, J Zhang2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of Southern Medical University
|January 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Meat consumption patterns significantly impact children's gut microbiota. Red and white meat diets reduced microbial diversity, while a balanced diet promoted it, highlighting its benefits for gut health in pre-adolescents.

Keywords:
gut microbiotahigh-throughput sequencingmeat dietpre-adolescent children

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in overall health, influencing digestion, immunity, and metabolism.
  • Dietary patterns, particularly meat consumption, are known to shape the gut microbial community.
  • Understanding these dietary influences in children is vital for establishing healthy eating habits early in life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between different meat consumption patterns (red meat, white meat, balanced) and the gut microbiome composition in pre-adolescent children.
  • To identify specific microbial taxa and metabolic pathways affected by varying meat intake.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 44 healthy school-age children (8-10 years) in Shenzhen was categorized into red-meat, balanced, and white-meat groups based on dietary intake.
  • Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) assessed dietary habits, and fecal samples were collected for gut microbiome analysis.
  • High-throughput sequencing (Illumina Miseq) was employed to analyze the composition and diversity of the fecal microbiome.

Main Results:

  • Children consuming predominantly red or white meat exhibited significantly lower gut microbiota abundance and diversity compared to those on a balanced diet (P < 0.05).
  • Specific bacterial genera, such as *Escherichia-Shigella*, *Coprobacillus*, and *Peptoniphilus*, were enriched in the red-meat group, while *Holdemanella* was enriched in the white-meat group.
  • The red-meat diet was associated with the significant activation of pathways including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and thyroid hormone synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary preferences for red and white meat can significantly diminish gut microbiota abundance and diversity in pre-adolescent children.
  • A red meat-rich diet may lead to the enrichment of specific bacteria and alter key metabolic pathways, potentially impacting health.
  • A balanced diet appears beneficial for maintaining a diverse and healthy gut microbiome in this age group.