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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
Published on: January 19, 2016
Deoxygenative Cross-Coupling of Aromatic Amides with Polyfluoroarenes
Youliang He1, Yuxiao Wang1, Shi-Jun Li2
1State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
This study introduces a new method for synthesizing alpha-polyfluoroaryl amines using aromatic amides and polyfluoroarenes. This deoxygenative cross-coupling reaction offers a versatile strategy for creating diverse organofluorine compounds.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Organofluorine Chemistry
- Synthetic Methodology
Background:
- Amides are readily synthesized and widely used.
- Organofluorine compounds are significant in various applications.
- Efficient methods for C-C bond formation involving amides and fluoroarenes are needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel synthesis of alpha-polyfluoroaryl amines.
- To establish a direct C-H functionalization method for cross-coupling amides with polyfluoroarenes.
- To explore the mechanism of this novel transformation.
Main Methods:
- Sm/SmI2-mediated deoxygenative cross-coupling.
- Direct C-H functionalization of aromatic amides with polyfluoroarenes.
- Experimental and theoretical studies to elucidate the reaction mechanism.
Main Results:
- Successful synthesis of diverse alpha-polyfluoroaryl amines.
- Demonstration of a versatile and flexible strategy for amine synthesis.
- Elucidation of a plausible alpha-aminocarbene-mediated C-H insertion mechanism.
Conclusions:
- A novel and efficient method for synthesizing alpha-polyfluoroaryl amines has been developed.
- The methodology enables streamlined synthesis and molecular diversity.
- The proposed mechanism provides insights for future amine synthesis strategies.
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