2D and 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks: Cutting-Edge Applications in Biomedical Sciences.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous polymers with tunable structures.
• Their unique properties include high surface area, porosity, and chemical stability.
• COFs are increasingly explored for diverse applications, particularly in biomedicine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review synthesis methods for 2D and 3D COFs.
• To highlight the state-of-the-art biomedical applications of COFs.
• To summarize stimuli-responsive systems and targeted drug delivery using COFs.

Main Methods:

• Review of synthetic routes for 2D and 3D COFs.
• Analysis of COF properties relevant to biomedical applications.
• Compilation of recent advancements in COF-based therapies and diagnostics.

Main Results:

• COFs exhibit significant potential in drug delivery, gene delivery, and various therapies (photothermal, photodynamic, combination).
• COF-based materials show promise for biosensing, bioimaging, and anticancer activities.
• Stimuli-responsive COFs and targeted delivery systems are key areas of development.

Conclusions:

• 2D and 3D COFs are versatile materials with substantial promise for advanced biomedical applications.
• Continued research into COF synthesis and functionalization will drive innovation in targeted therapies and diagnostics.
• COFs represent a promising platform for next-generation medical treatments.