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Assessment of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Associated Toxicities Using an Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model

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Immunotherapy toxicity: identification and management.

O Gumusay¹, J Callan², H S Rugo²

¹University of California Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. ozgebostankolu@hotmail.com.

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment

|January 11, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), offers new hope for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, managing unique immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) is crucial for patient safety and treatment success.

Keywords:

Breast cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immune-related adverse events Immunotherapy Retreatment Toxicity

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Medical Science

Background:

Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1, has transformed cancer treatment, showing promise in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Metastatic TNBC historically has poor prognostic outcomes, making novel therapeutic approaches essential.
ICIs harness the immune system for antitumor responses but can cause distinct immune-related adverse events (IRAEs).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the prevalence, severity, and outcomes of IRAEs in patients undergoing ICI therapy, with a focus on breast cancer.
To educate clinicians on the early recognition and management of potentially life-threatening IRAEs.
To discuss strategies for cautious retreatment after IRAE resolution.

Main Methods:

Review of recent clinical trial data on IRAEs associated with ICI therapy.
Focus on IRAEs observed in breast cancer patients.
Analysis of prevalence, severity, outcomes, and management strategies.

Main Results:

ICIs offer significant benefits for metastatic TNBC but are associated with unique IRAEs.
IRAEs require specialized management distinct from chemotherapy toxicities.
Systemic corticosteroids are a primary treatment for IRAEs, supplemented by supportive care and potential treatment modifications.

Conclusions:

Early identification and appropriate management of IRAEs are critical for patients receiving ICI therapy.
Multidisciplinary specialist guidance is essential for managing IRAEs.
Understanding IRAE presentation and management optimizes patient outcomes and allows for informed retreatment decisions.