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Updated: Oct 7, 2025
Murine Model of Central Venous Stenosis using Aortocaval Fistula with an Outflow Stenosis
Published on: July 11, 2019
Computational fluid dynamics simulation of hemodynamic changes in a hemodialysis patient with central venous stenosis
Bin Chen1, Haitao Dai1, Jianyong Yang1
1Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Insights
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling successfully demonstrated hemodynamic improvements in central venous stenosis (CVS) patients after stent placement. Stenting significantly reduced pressure, wall shear stress, and flow velocity, improving turbulent blood flow.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Imaging
- Fluid Dynamics
Background:
- Central venous stenosis (CVS) modeling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) remains undemonstrated.
- Predicting hemodynamic changes in CVS following stent placement requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the hemodynamic performance of central venous stenosis (CVS) patients treated with stent placement.
- To validate the use of CFD for modeling CVS and predicting post-treatment hemodynamic changes.
Main Methods:
- Patient-specific geometric models were created from computed tomography (CT) images of hemodialysis patients with CVS.
- CFD simulations were performed using ANSYS-15 to analyze pressure, wall shear stress (WSS), and flow velocity before and after stent placement.
Main Results:
- Stent placement relieved upper extremity swelling in CVS patients.
- Post-stenting, maximum brachial vein wall pressure decreased by 59.4%, maximum WSS by 71.2%, and maximum flow velocity by 57.8%.
- Mean values also showed significant reductions: mean wall pressure (43.5%), mean WSS (52.7%), and mean flow rate (17.6%).
Conclusions:
- Central venous stenosis (CVS) in hemodialysis patients presents with turbulent and imbalanced hemodynamics.
- Stent placement effectively improves these hemodynamic disorders, as evidenced by CFD analysis.
Background:
It has not been demonstrated that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used to model central venous stenosis (CVS), nor that hemodynamic changes in CVS treated with stent placement can be anticipated. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the hemodynamic performance of CVS patients treated with stent placement.
Methods:
Patient-specific geometric models were constructed using computed tomography images of veins from hemodialysis patients treated with stent placement. CFD simulation based on geometry was performed using ANSYS-15 to compare pressure quantitatively, wall shear stress (WSS), and flow velocity in the brachial vein before and after stent placement.
Results:
Following a covered stent placement, the swelling of the left upper extremity was relieved. Prior to stent implantation, the maximum and mean brachial vein wall pressures were 465.2 Pa and 224.609 Pa, respectively. It was determined that the maximum WSS value was 8.449 Pa and that the mean WSS value was 0.743 Pa. The maximum and mean flow velocities were 1.16 and 0.173 m/s, respectively. After stent placement, the maximum wall pressure, maximum WSS, and maximum flow velocity dropped by 59.4%, 71.2%, and 57.8%, respectively. The mean wall pressure, mean WSS, and mean flow rate decreased by 43.5%, 52.7%, and 17.6%, respectively.
Conclusion:
Hemodynamics of CVS in hemodialysis patients exhibited turbulent, imbalances and disorders, which can be improved by stent placement.
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