Characterizing two novel goose parvoviruses with different origins
Jie Zhu1, Yi Yang2, Xiaohui Zhang1
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
|January 12, 2022
Summary
Novel goose parvovirus (NGPV) causes short beak dwarf syndrome in ducks. This study compared two NGPV strains, revealing CVD21 is more pathogenic than MD17, and Muscovy ducks may be key in NGPV evolution.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Avian Pathogens
- Molecular Evolution
Background:
- Short beak dwarf syndrome outbreaks in China since 2015 are linked to novel goose parvovirus (NGPV).
- High mortality rates in ducks necessitate understanding NGPV strain variations and pathogenicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the pathogenicity and genomic characteristics of two NGPV strains: MD17 (Muscovy duck-origin) and CVD21 (Cherry Valley duck-origin).
- To investigate the role of Muscovy ducks in the evolution of goose parvovirus (GPV) to NGPV.
Main Methods:
- Pathogenicity assays in duck embryo fibroblasts, duck embryos, and ducklings.
- Virus titration and mortality rate determination.
- Complete genome sequencing, nucleotide alignment, amino acid analysis, and phylogenetic tree construction.
Main Results:
- Both NGPV strains exhibited pathogenicity, with CVD21 showing stronger virulence, causing higher mortality (100% vs. 80%) and more pronounced cytopathic effects.
- MD17 infected Muscovy duck embryos but not MDEF or ducklings; CVD21 did not infect Muscovy duck-related cells or ducklings.
- Genomic analysis showed MD17 is closer to GPV, CVD21 to NGPV, with 95.8% homology between strains and significant amino acid variations.
Conclusions:
- CVD21 exhibits greater pathogenicity than MD17 in Cherry Valley ducks.
- Muscovy ducks appear to play a significant role in the evolutionary transition from GPV to NGPV.
- Further research into waterfowl parvovirus evolution and pathogenesis is warranted based on these findings.
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