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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Published on: June 10, 2025
Interventions for Cutaneous Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Summary of a Cochrane Review
Grant Sprow1,2, Mohsen Afarideh1,2, Victoria P Werth1,2
1Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Clinical Question:
What is the efficacy of interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs)?
Bottom Line:
Available RCT evidence on the management of cutaneous disease in SLE is sparse and of limited quality. Among traditional options, methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine have the strongest evidence compared with placebo in the end points of complete clinical response and number of clinical flares, respectively, while chloroquine appears noninferior to methotrexate in achieving complete clinical response.
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