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Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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Multipronged Phenotyping Approaches to Characterize Sugarcane Root Systems
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Root system architecture in cereals: progress, challenges and perspective.

Saman Maqbool1, Muhammad Adeel Hassan2, Xianchun Xia2

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|January 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing cereal crops requires understanding root system architecture (RSA). New phenotyping technologies and genetic insights can improve resource use efficiency and grain yield by exploiting RSA variability.

Keywords:
phenotypingroot genomicsroot phenomicsroot system architecture

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Genetics
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Roots are vital plant organs for resource uptake, storage, and anchorage.
  • Root system architecture (RSA) traits offer potential for optimizing cereal crop resource use efficiency and yield.
  • Root trait breeding is challenging due to phenotyping difficulties, despite significant genetic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of root system architecture (RSA) in cereal crops.
  • To discuss advancements in phenotyping and genetic approaches for RSA improvement.
  • To emphasize the potential of exploiting RSA variability for enhanced crop performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing computer vision for high-throughput, image-based phenotyping of RSA traits.
  • Employing non-invasive imaging techniques like X-ray computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for temporal studies.
  • Integrating pan-genome resources with advanced in-field phenotyping platforms for genotype selection.

Main Results:

  • Advances in computer vision enable global access to high-throughput RSA phenotyping.
  • Non-invasive imaging and simulation modeling support root physiology and ecology studies.
  • Integrated approaches facilitate the discovery of traits for improved resilience and yield.

Conclusions:

  • Exploiting RSA variability through advanced phenotyping and genetics is crucial for cereal breeding.
  • New technologies and integrated strategies can lead to precise selection of superior genotypes.
  • Understanding and manipulating the 'hidden half' of plants can significantly boost crop production.