Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model
05:41

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.5K

Differential effects of ether lipids on the activity and secretion of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2

R Andreesen1, V Giese

  • 1Medizinische Klinik 1 der Universität Freiburg i. Breisgau, Federal Republic of Germany.

Lipids
|November 1, 1987
PubMed

Alkyl lysophospholipids (ALP) are synthetic analogues of lysophosphatidylcholine and represent a new generation of antitumor drugs currently being tested in phase-I trials in patients with cancer. The present study reports the differential modulation of human immunocompetent cells in vitro by ALP. Serum-bound ALP effectively blocked the response of growth factor-dependent cells to interleukin-2 (IL-2), inhibited the cellular production and release of IL-2 and suppressed the comitogenic effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1) on mouse thymocytes. In contrast, ALP-primed, monocyte-derived macrophages (MO) lost their ability to release IL-1 in response to stimuli like lipopolysaccharides (LPS) during terminal maturation from monocytes. Supernatants from ALP-primed, LPS-induced MO possessed costimulatory as well as direct mitogenic activity. Neither ALP alone nor ALP-conditioned MO supernatants stimulated mouse thymocytes. Priming of MO by ET-18-OH, an ALP molecule not substituted in the sn-2 position, occurred at concentrations 4- to 16-fold higher than the most active compounds ET-18-OCH3 and the thioether analogue BM 41.440. ALP also primed MO for subsequent activation of tumor cytotoxicity by LPS and interferon-gamma. IL-1 has multiple biological activities in common with ALP, and it may mediate antitumor activity and other ALP effects in vivo. The ability of ALP to induce differential immunomodulation, as demonstrated in this study, may make ALP worthy of study for the therapy of both autoimmune and neoplastic disease.

More Related Videos

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

15.1K
Using Caco-2 Cells to Study Lipid Transport by the Intestine07:00

Using Caco-2 Cells to Study Lipid Transport by the Intestine

Published on: August 20, 2015

19.8K

Related Concept Videos

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN202:27

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN2

Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl halides can proceed via an SN1 or an SN2 mechanism. While in SN2 reactions, the nucleophile attacks the substrate simultaneously as the leaving group departs, in SN1 reactions, the substrate first dissociates to give the carbocation intermediate. Various factors such as the structure of the substrate, the strength of the nucleophile, and the nature of the solvent promote one mechanism over the other.
With increased substitution on the alkyl halide,...
17.4K
Lipid Digestion01:06

Lipid Digestion

Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.
99.7K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
16.8K
Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
13.0K
Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules...
6.1K
Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent...
14.8K