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Related Concept Videos

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
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Introduction to Electrolytes01:33

Introduction to Electrolytes

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In humans, electrolytes play a vital role in various physiological processes. Balancing electrolyte levels is essential for normal body functions; their imbalance can be life-threatening. The major electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate. They are primarily involved in physiological processes, such as nerve signal transmission, membrane trafficking, muscle contraction, buffering body fluids, and balancing water levels in the body.
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Elastomeric electrolytes for high-energy solid-state lithium batteries.

Michael J Lee1, Junghun Han2, Kyungbin Lee1

  • 1George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Nature
|January 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new elastomeric solid-state electrolytes for safer, high-energy solid-state lithium batteries. These advanced electrolytes overcome limitations of current materials, enabling stable performance with lithium metal anodes.

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Solid-state batteries with lithium metal anodes are promising replacements for conventional lithium-ion batteries.
  • Current solid-state electrolytes face challenges in mechanical properties and electrochemical performance for practical applications.
  • Lithium dendrite growth is a major safety concern in lithium metal batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop advanced solid-state electrolytes with improved mechanical and electrochemical properties.
  • To enable the safe and efficient operation of high-energy solid-state lithium batteries using lithium metal anodes.
  • To address the limitations of existing solid-state electrolytes for practical battery applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of elastomeric solid-state electrolytes featuring a 3D interconnected plastic crystal phase.
  • In situ formation of the elastomer electrolyte on copper foils for lithium plating/stripping.
  • Testing of full cells with high-loading cathodes (LiNi0.83Mn0.06Co0.11O2) under constrained conditions.

Main Results:

  • The elastomeric electrolytes exhibit mechanical robustness, high ionic conductivity, and low interfacial resistance.
  • Achieved 100.0% Coulombic efficiency for lithium plating and stripping due to volume change accommodation.
  • Demonstrated stable full-cell operation at 4.5 volts and ambient temperature, delivering >410 Wh/kg specific energy.

Conclusions:

  • The novel elastomeric solid-state electrolytes offer a viable strategy for stable, high-energy solid-state lithium batteries.
  • This advancement addresses key challenges in mechanical stability and electrochemical performance for lithium metal batteries.
  • The developed system paves the way for next-generation energy storage solutions.