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Shark teeth can resist ocean acidification.

Jonathan Y S Leung1,2, Ivan Nagelkerken2, Jennifer C A Pistevos2,3

  • 1Centre for Advanced Thin Films and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China.

Global Change Biology
|January 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ocean warming makes shark teeth brittle, but ocean acidification improves their durability. Sharks may adapt to changing ocean conditions by altering tooth mineralization, maintaining oral function for survival.

Keywords:
adaptationbiomineralizationclimate changeelevated CO2plasticitysharkteethwarming

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biomineralization
  • Paleontology

Background:

  • Ocean acidification and warming pose threats to marine calcifying organisms.
  • The impact on calcium phosphate biominerals, like shark teeth, remains largely unknown.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for predicting marine ecosystem dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of ocean acidification and warming on shark teeth (Heterodontus portusjacksoni).
  • To assess potential mineralogical adaptations in shark teeth under projected future ocean conditions.
  • To determine the impact on tooth mechanical properties and durability.

Main Methods:

  • Exposing Port Jackson shark teeth to simulated near-future ocean pH (-0.3 units) and temperature (+3°C).
  • Analyzing changes in tooth mechanical properties (elastic modulus, mechanical resilience).
  • Examining mineralogical composition (fluorapatite, fluoride content, crystallinity).

Main Results:

  • Warming alone increased tooth brittleness and vulnerability to damage.
  • Combined ocean acidification and warming led to more elastic teeth, increasing durability.
  • Ocean acidification increased fluoride content and crystallinity in fluorapatite teeth.
  • Sharks demonstrated an adaptive biomineralization response to counteract corrosive effects.

Conclusions:

  • Shark teeth can adapt mineralogically to ocean acidification and warming, enhancing corrosion resistance.
  • This adaptive capacity may help maintain tooth functionality for predation and survival in future oceans.
  • The findings highlight the resilience of some marine organisms to climate change impacts.