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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Applications in Dermatology.

Andrew P Fortugno1, Joshua R Bakke2, Abbas Babajani-Feremi3,4

  • 1Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

JID Innovations : Skin Science From Molecules to Population Health
|January 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) noninvasively maps brain activity for research and clinical use. This review covers fMRI basics, applications, and its role in skin-brain axis research.

Keywords:
ASL, arterial spin labelingBOLD, blood oxygenation level‒dependentfMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a noninvasive technique for observing brain activity.
  • It has broad applications in clinical settings and diverse research fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a foundational understanding of fMRI in research.
  • To outline fMRI's basic science, methods, and applications.
  • To specifically address fMRI in dermatological research and the skin-brain axis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fMRI.
  • Explanation of fMRI principles and techniques.
  • Discussion of current and investigational applications.

Main Results:

  • fMRI enables detailed mapping of functional brain regions.
  • It is used in neurosurgical planning and various research areas.
  • fMRI is increasingly applied to dermatological research, including the skin-brain axis.

Conclusions:

  • fMRI is a powerful tool for understanding brain function.
  • Its applications continue to expand across medical specialties.
  • Further research, particularly on the skin-brain axis, is highlighted.