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The microrandomized trial for developing digital interventions: Experimental design and data analysis considerations.

Tianchen Qian1, Ashley E Walton2, Linda M Collins3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microrandomized trials (MRTs) inform the development of just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs). This guide clarifies MRT design, implementation, and analysis for creating effective JITAIs.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Digital Health
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) offer personalized, timely support.
  • Microrandomized trials (MRTs) are crucial for evaluating JITAI components.
  • Developing effective JITAIs requires robust research methodologies.

Approach:

  • This article details the rationale, design, and implementation of MRTs for JITAI development.
  • It introduces causal excursion effects for analyzing MRT data.
  • The weighted and centered least-squares (WCLS) estimator is presented for consistent effect estimation.

Key Points:

  • MRTs provide evidence on the effectiveness of JITAI components under various conditions.
  • Causal excursion effects are defined for primary and secondary MRT data analyses.
  • The WCLS estimator and its implementation in statistical software (e.g., R) are described.

Conclusions:

  • MRTs are essential for advancing the science and practice of JITAIs.
  • This work provides a framework for designing and analyzing MRTs to build effective JITAIs.
  • Examples from HeartSteps, SARA, and BariFit illustrate MRT applications.