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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

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Migraine.

Michel D Ferrari1, Peter J Goadsby2,3,4, Rami Burstein3,5

  • 1Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands. M.D.Ferrari@lumc.nl.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|January 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Migraine management has advanced with new acute and preventive therapies. Novel treatments like CGRP receptor antagonists and gepants offer improved efficacy and tolerability for migraine patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Migraine is a prevalent, chronic neurological disorder causing disabling headache attacks.
  • Its etiology is multifactorial, with comorbidities including depression and epilepsy.
  • Vasodilation is secondary; vasoconstriction is not essential for antimigraine drug efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of migraine pathophysiology.
  • To summarize established and emerging acute and preventive treatment strategies.
  • To highlight recent therapeutic advancements and future directions in migraine management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of migraine pathophysiology and treatment.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for acute and preventive therapies.
  • Evaluation of novel drug classes and neuromodulation techniques.

Main Results:

  • New acute treatments include CGRP receptor antagonists (gepants) and lasmiditan.
  • Preventive treatments include onabotulinumtoxinA, monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP, and gepants.
  • Neuromodulation devices are approved for acute and/or preventive migraine therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Recent therapeutic innovations offer a promising future for migraine management.
  • Gepants and CGRP-targeting therapies demonstrate efficacy and good tolerability.
  • Neuromodulation presents additional options for migraine treatment.