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Terahertz ptychography using a long-distance diffraction-free beam as the probe.

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    We developed a terahertz (THz) ptychographic technique using a diffraction-free beam (DFB) for improved imaging. This method reconstructs both the object and the DFB probe, enhancing coherence in THz ptychography.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Imaging Science

    Background:

    • Traditional terahertz (THz) ptychography relies on low-energy pinhole-defined illumination, which can limit probe coherence.
    • Developing advanced illumination strategies is crucial for enhancing the resolution and reliability of THz imaging techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To implement and validate a novel terahertz (THz) ptychographic technique utilizing a long-distance diffraction-free beam (DFB) as the probe.
    • To demonstrate the simultaneous reconstruction of a phase object and the DFB probe using an extended ptychographic iterative engine.

    Main Methods:

    • A terahertz (THz) ptychographic system was developed using a diffraction-free beam (DFB) generated by two lens-axicon doublets.
    • The extended ptychographic iterative engine was employed for simultaneous reconstruction of the phase object and the DFB probe from simulated and real data.
    • The spatial frequency content and coherence of the DFB probe were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • The diffraction-free beam (DFB) system was easily realized and produced an Airy-pattern-like transverse intensity distribution.
    • Simultaneous reconstruction of the phase object and the DFB probe was successfully achieved using both simulated and real datasets.
    • The DFB probe was shown to possess abundant spatial high-frequency components, ensuring high coherence in the terahertz (THz) ptychographic system.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed terahertz (THz) ptychographic technique using a diffraction-free beam (DFB) offers a robust and coherent illumination method.
    • The approach is highly adaptable and can be readily applied to ptychography in other frequency bands due to the commonality of optical elements used.
    • This advancement has the potential to improve resolution and applicability of ptychographic imaging across various spectral ranges.