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A pilot study investigating the relationship between heart rate variability and blood pressure in young adults at

Linda P Bolin1, Amelia D Saul2, Lauren L Bethune Scroggs2

  • 1College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States. bolinl@ecu.edu.

Clinical Hypertension
|January 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Heart rate variability biofeedback training improved heart rate variability and may reduce diastolic blood pressure in individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function
  • Biofeedback Interventions

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension are leading global causes of premature death.
  • Family history of CVD and hypertension increases individual risk.
  • Autonomic cardiac control significantly impacts cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback training.
  • To assess HRV and blood pressure changes in individuals with a family history of CVD.

Main Methods:

  • 34 participants (76.5% female, mean age 22.7 years) underwent baseline assessment.
  • Participants engaged in a short-term HRV protocol and two weeks of at-home paced breathing via smartphone app.
  • Post-intervention reassessment occurred in a biofeedback clinic.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in Standard Deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and Total Power (TP) were observed post-intervention (p < .05).
  • A medium effect size (r = .41) was found between diastolic blood pressure and high-frequency HRV.
  • No significant impact on diastolic or systolic blood pressure was detected via multiple regression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • A two-week paced breathing intervention shows potential for reducing heart rate and diastolic blood pressure.
  • The intervention demonstrated improvements in heart rate variability.
  • Findings suggest HRV biofeedback may be a beneficial tool for managing cardiovascular risk factors.
Abstract

Keywords:
BiofeedbackBlood pressureBreathing exercisesYoung adult

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