Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence...

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Utilization of Clinical Neuropsychological Services within a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital Setting: Treatment Outcomes, Stakeholder Perspectives, and Future Directions.

Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists·2026

Same author

Applying cognition-focused interventions to trial competency restoration: A quasi-experimental study of an integrative treatment program.

Psychiatric rehabilitation journal·2025

Same author

Proposing a more conservative Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) Effort Index cutoff score for forensic inpatient populations.

Psychological assessment·2024

Same author

Adapting assessment processes to consider cultural mistrust in forensic practices: An example with the MMPI instruments.

Law and human behavior·2023

Same author

Let's lower the floor: Clinical utility of the D-KEFS TMT with a forensic psychiatric inpatient population.

Applied neuropsychology. Adult·2021

Same author

The use of performance validity tests among inpatient forensic monolingual Spanish-speakers.

Applied neuropsychology. Adult·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Are TOPF and WRAT WR Interchangeable Measures among Psychiatric Inpatients?

Alexis S Rosen¹, Loren C King¹, Dominique I Kinney¹

¹Department of Psychology, Department of State Hospitals-Patton, Patton, CA 92369, USA.

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

|January 16, 2022

Summary

The Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF) and Wide Range Achievement Test-Word Reading subtest (WRAT WR) are not interchangeable for schizophrenia patients. These measures showed significant discrepancies with full-scale IQ, indicating caution in their use.

Keywords:

Assessment Intelligence Schizophrenia

More Related Videos

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

Published on: July 24, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

Published on: July 24, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuropsychology
Psychiatry
Cognitive Assessment

Background:

Assessing premorbid cognitive functioning is crucial for understanding intellectual decline in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD).
The Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF) and Wide Range Achievement Test-Word Reading subtest (WRAT WR) are commonly used measures, but their interchangeability and relationship with current intelligence are debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate if the TOPF and WRAT WR are interchangeable measures in patients with SSD.
To examine the relationship between these premorbid functioning measures and current intelligence (Full Scale IQ - FSIQ).

Main Methods:

An archival study analyzed neuropsychology referrals from an inpatient forensic state hospital.
Included were 119 patients with SSD who underwent intelligence testing (WAIS-IV or WASI-II) and either TOPF or WRAT WR.

Main Results:

Concordance between TOPF and WRAT WR was weak (CCC < 0.90).
Both measures showed significant discrepancies with FSIQ, with demographic-based scores (TOPF Predicted/Simple) exhibiting larger differences than performance-based scores (TOPF Actual, WRAT4 WR).

Conclusions:

TOPF and WRAT WR are not interchangeable for institutionalized patients with SSDs.
Discrepancies between premorbid estimates and current FSIQ highlight the need for careful interpretation and further research to determine the most accurate intelligence estimation method in this population.