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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Autonomic Nervous System01:22

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Autonomic Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Andrew P Owens1, Christopher J Mathias2,3,4, Valeria Iodice2,3

  • 1Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
|January 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently linked with autonomic dysfunction, impacting heart rate and blood pressure. This dysfunction is strongly associated with joint hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hE-DS), potentially worsening quality of life for individuals with ASD.

Keywords:
autismautonomic nervous systemdysautonomiahyperhidriosishypermobile ehlers danlos syndromepostural tachycardia syndromesyncope

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown links to increased sympathoexcitation.
  • Autonomic dysfunction has not been formally investigated in ASD.
  • Joint hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hE-DS) may be overrepresented in ASD and linked to orthostatic autonomic dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the comorbidity of ASD, autonomic dysfunction, and hE-DS.
  • To assess neuro-cardiovascular autonomic function in ASD subjects compared to controls.

Main Methods:

  • Compared clinical data from 28 ASD referrals over 10 years with 19 age-matched healthy controls.
  • Utilized globally accepted clinical autonomic investigations to assess neuro-cardiovascular autonomic function.
  • Assessed autonomic function using established center protocols.

Main Results:

  • 20/28 ASD subjects had diagnosed autonomic conditions, including postural tachycardia syndrome (PoTS) and vasovagal syncope (VVS).
  • 16/20 ASD subjects with autonomic dysfunction also had hE-DS.
  • ASD subjects exhibited elevated basal heart rate and orthostatic responses, indicating increased sympathoexcitation, but impaired sympathetic vasoconstriction.

Conclusions:

  • Intermittent neuro-cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is over-represented in ASD, with a strong association with hE-DS.
  • Autonomic dysfunction may negatively impact the quality of life in individuals with ASD, especially those with communication challenges.
  • Findings highlight the need for recognizing and managing autonomic dysfunction in ASD, particularly in conjunction with hE-DS.