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Overview of Microvascular Angina Pectoris and Discussion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention
Linghua Yu1,2, Xiaoyan Lu2, Chenxi Xu1,2
1Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Insights
Traditional Chinese medicine offers significant advantages for treating microvascular angina, a condition often overlooked by conventional therapies. Its Qi-tonifying and blood-activating approaches provide comprehensive, multitarget interventions for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Integrative Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Coronary heart disease research has historically focused on epicardial vessels, neglecting smaller endocardial coronary arteries and arterioles.
- Microvascular angina, stemming from microvascular stenosis or dysfunction, lacks specific efficacy with conventional Western medicine therapies.
- Coronary microcirculation's role in coronary artery disease is under-researched, posing clinical challenges and impacting cardiovascular event prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the pathogenesis of microvascular angina pectoris.
- To review the treatment status of microvascular angina in modern medicine.
- To explore the multitarget intervention research of traditional Chinese medicine for microvascular angina.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
- Examination of traditional Chinese medicine's (TCM) mechanisms in cardiovascular protection.
- Synthesis of research on TCM's multitarget intervention for coronary microcirculation.
Main Results:
- TCM, specifically Qi-tonifying and blood-activating therapies, demonstrates significant advantages in treating microvascular angina.
- TCM interventions protect vascular endothelium, relax coronary microvessels, and reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
- TCM improves myocardial hypoxia tolerance, inhibits platelet aggregation, and enhances blood flow rate, leading to symptom improvement.
Conclusions:
- Traditional Chinese medicine offers a promising multitarget approach for managing microvascular angina, addressing limitations of conventional therapies.
- TCM interventions provide comprehensive benefits by targeting multiple pathways involved in coronary microcirculation dysfunction.
- Further research into TCM's role in coronary microcirculation is crucial for solving clinical problems and preventing cardiovascular events.
Abstract:
Previous research and treatment of coronary heart disease mostly focused on the large epicardial vessels, with limited research on the small endocardial coronary arteries or arterioles that could not be detected by coronary angiography, especially microvascular angina caused by microvascular stenosis or microcirculation dysfunction. Conventional Western medicine therapies have no specific efficacy, but traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in this regard. In particular, traditional Chinese medicine of supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation protects the vascular endothelium, relaxes coronary microvessels, reduces myocardial no-reflow after ischemia-reperfusion, increases myocardial hypoxia tolerance, constrains the aggregation of platelet, and increases the rate of blood flow. Moreover, these treatments can significantly improve patients' symptoms through multitarget comprehensive intervention. Here, we analyzed the pathogenesis of microvascular angina pectoris, the treatment status of modern medicine, and the research on the multitarget intervention of traditional Chinese medicine to provide new research ideas for correctly identifying the role of coronary microcirculation in coronary artery disease to solve clinical problems and prevent cardiovascular events.
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