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Five-Year Community Surveillance Study for Acute Respiratory Infections Using Text Messaging: Findings From the

Melissa S Stockwell1,2,3, Carrie Reed4, Celibell Y Vargas1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Community surveillance using text messages effectively tracked acute respiratory infections (ARI). Many ARI cases were not medically attended, highlighting the value of this novel surveillance method for understanding disease burden.

Keywords:
SMSacute respiratory infectionsinfluenzasurveillancetext message

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading global infectious disease.
  • Community surveillance offers a broader perspective on disease burden than solely relying on medically attended cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of text message-based community surveillance for tracking ARI.
  • To determine the incidence and common pathogens of ARI in a defined urban population.
  • To evaluate healthcare-seeking behaviors associated with ARI.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study enrolled 1915 individuals in 405 households from 2012-2017.
  • Twice-weekly text messages queried participants about ARI symptoms, with follow-up calls for confirmation.
  • Nasal swabs were collected for participants meeting ARI criteria and tested via RT-PCR for pathogen identification.

Main Results:

  • The study achieved a high response rate (78.8%) and collected swabs for 91.4% of confirmed ARI cases.
  • Rhino/enteroviruses, human coronaviruses, and influenza were the most frequently detected pathogens.
  • Overall ARI incidence was 0.62/person-year, significantly higher in young children (<2 years).
  • Only about one-fourth of individuals with ARI sought healthcare, with variations by pathogen and demographics.

Conclusions:

  • Text messaging provides a novel and effective method for community-based ARI surveillance.
  • Community surveillance is crucial for accurately estimating disease burden due to low healthcare-seeking rates.
  • Findings support the use of text messaging for ongoing surveillance and during public health emergencies.