[Childhood and adolescent acute maxillary sinusitis].

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Sinusitis diagnosis often relies on clinical presentation, with microbiological correlation challenging.
• Understanding the etiological agents is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the correlation between throat/nasopharyngeal cultures and sinusitis etiological agents.
• To compare the efficacy of different sinusitis treatment regimens: serum physiologic therapy, amoxicillin + antihistamine + nose drops, and amoxicillin-clavulanate + antihistamine + nose drops.

Main Methods:

• Part 1: Retrospective analysis of throat and nasopharyngeal cultures against literature-based sinusitis pathogens.
• Part 2: Randomized trial involving 80 sinusitis patients divided into three treatment groups.
• Treatment groups received either serum physiologic therapy, amoxicillin + antihistamine + nose drops, or amoxicillin-clavulanate + antihistamine + nose drops.

Main Results:

• No significant correlation was found between throat/nasopharyngeal cultures and the etiological agents of sinusitis.
• Antibiotic regimens demonstrated statistically significant higher cure rates compared to serum physiologic therapy (p < 0.05).
• No statistically significant difference in cure rates was observed between amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate regimens (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

• Throat and nasopharyngeal cultures may not reliably predict the causative agents of sinusitis.
• Antibiotic therapy is more effective than saline for sinusitis treatment.
• Amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate offer comparable efficacy in treating sinusitis.