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Flow driven vesicle unbinding under mechanosensitive adhesion.

Mohd Suhail Rizvi1, Alexander Farutin2, Chaouqi Misbah2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502285, Telangana, India. suhailr@bme.iith.ac.in.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular adhesion under blood flow depends on ligand-receptor bond kinetics. Fast kinetics allow three states (adhered, pinned, detached), while slow kinetics only show two, impacting cell detachment dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cellular Mechanics
  • Hemodynamics

Background:

  • Cellular blood constituents interact with the endothelium via ligand-receptor adhesion.
  • Blood flow imposes shear stress, potentially causing detachment through viscous lift forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of ligand-receptor bond kinetics on the detachment of adhered vesicles under shear flow.
  • To model cell adhesion and detachment dynamics in a simplified system.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation using boundary integral formulation.
  • Analysis of a two-dimensional vesicle model under varying shear rates and bond kinetics timescales.
  • Investigated steady-state configurations and critical shear rates.

Main Results:

  • Vesicles exhibited three steady-state configurations (adhered, pinned, detached) with fast ligand-receptor kinetics.
  • The pinned state was absent with slow bond kinetics.
  • Scaling laws for critical shear rates governing state transitions were derived.

Conclusions:

  • Ligand-receptor bond kinetics critically determine cell adhesion and detachment behavior under shear flow.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for processes like immune response and cancer metastasis.
  • The study provides a framework for analyzing cell-blood interactions in physiological and pathological conditions.