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Anakinra treatment for refractory cerebral autoinflammatory responses
Yoonhyuk Jang1, Woo-Jin Lee1, Han Sang Lee1
1Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
|January 18, 2022
Summary
Anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, shows potential for treating refractory cerebral autoinflammatory-autoimmune diseases. While not all patients responded, no serious adverse effects were observed, suggesting anakinra as a viable therapeutic option.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Innate Immunity
- Autoimmune Diseases
Background:
- Refractory cerebral autoinflammatory-autoimmune diseases are linked to aberrant innate immune responses.
- Interleukin-1 (IL-1) pathway dysregulation is implicated in these conditions.
- Anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, is a potential therapeutic agent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anakinra in patients with refractory cerebral autoinflammatory response (CAIR).
- To assess the safety profile of anakinra in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 12 patients with various etiologies of refractory CAIR treated at a single institution.
- Patients received anakinra (100 mg/day subcutaneously) between January 2017 and May 2021.
- Treatment response and adverse events were systematically recorded.
Main Results:
- Four out of 12 patients demonstrated a good therapeutic response to anakinra.
- Among responders, three patients had pathologically confirmed cerebral autoinflammatory response (CAIR).
- Eight patients did not respond to anakinra; no serious adverse effects were reported.
Conclusions:
- Anakinra may represent a potential therapeutic option for select patients with refractory cerebral autoinflammatory diseases.
- Further research is warranted to identify predictive markers for anakinra response in CAIR.
- Anakinra exhibits a favorable safety profile in this patient population.
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