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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Resolving Charge Distribution for Compositionally Heterogeneous Battery Cathode Materials.

Linqin Mu1, Jin Zhang2, Yahong Xu2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.

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|January 18, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied how varying metal compositions in lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) battery particles affect performance. Tailoring local metal distribution enhances charging behavior, leading to improved battery capacity, rate capability, and cycle life.

Keywords:
NMC cathodePolycrystallinecharge distributionheterogeneitylocal stoichiometry

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-state Chemistry

Background:

  • Layered lithium transition metal oxides are key cathode materials for batteries.
  • The influence of local transition metal (TM) stoichiometry on the electrochemical performance of battery particles remains poorly understood.
  • Heterogeneous compositional distributions offer a novel approach to tune material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between local TM stoichiometry and charge distribution in lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) particles.
  • To understand how engineered compositional variations impact the electrochemical charging behavior and overall battery performance.
  • To explore the potential of controlling local stoichiometry for advanced battery materials.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polycrystalline NMC particles with designed heterogeneous compositional distributions.
  • Characterization of local Ni/Mn/Co stoichiometry and its correlation with electrochemical processes.
  • Electrochemical testing to evaluate reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycle life at high voltages.

Main Results:

  • NMC particles with broad, continuous local TM stoichiometry distributions were successfully synthesized without compromising global layered structure.
  • Local Mn and Ni concentrations were found to correlate positively and negatively with electrochemically induced Ni oxidation, respectively.
  • Local Co concentration showed no clear effect on Ni oxidation, while the engineered distribution resulted in excellent electrochemical performance.

Conclusions:

  • Local TM stoichiometry significantly influences charge distribution and electrochemical behavior in NMC battery particles.
  • Engineering heterogeneous compositional distributions is a viable strategy to optimize the performance of layered cathode materials.
  • Controlling local stoichiometry offers a pathway to enhance battery capacity, rate capability, and cycle life for high-voltage applications.