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Related Experiment Video

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Soluble TREM2: Innocent bystander or active player in neurological diseases?

Fabia Filipello1, Claire Goldsbury2, Shih Feng You3

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|January 18, 2022
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Summary

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is crucial for brain immune cell function and neurodegenerative diseases. Soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) in cerebrospinal fluid may serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for CNS disorders.

Keywords:
MicrogliaNeurodegenerationNeuroinflammationTREM2

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is an innate immune receptor on CNS myeloid cells.
  • TREM2 genetic variations are linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and frontotemporal dementia.
  • TREM2 signaling is vital for microglia activation and response to CNS injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on soluble TREM2 (sTREM2).
  • To explore sTREM2's origin, genetic variations, and functions.
  • To discuss sTREM2's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in neurological disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on TREM2 and sTREM2.
  • Analysis of genetic variations affecting TREM2 and sTREM2 levels.
  • Examination of clinical and preclinical data on sTREM2 in CNS diseases.

Main Results:

  • TREM2 plays a key role in microglia function and response to CNS injury.
  • sTREM2 is detectable in CSF and plasma, with levels influenced by genetics and disease.
  • sTREM2 has potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in neurological disorders.

Conclusions:

  • sTREM2's function in neurological diseases is not fully understood but holds significant promise.
  • Monitoring and targeting sTREM2 could offer clinical and therapeutic benefits for CNS disorders.
  • Further research into sTREM2's role is essential for developing novel treatments.