Associated factors with functional prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has meant a change in natural history of acute ischemic stroke. Our aim is to assess the possible association between different factors and prognosis in patients treated with MT in a third degree Spanish hospital.

Cross-sectional study including 198 patients underwent MT because of acute ischemic stroke between 2012 and 2020. Sociodemographic, vascular risk factors (VRF) and clinical-radiologic factors were recorded. Functional outcome was evaluated based on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days, being mRS≤2 favorable and mRS≥3 unfavorable outcome.

Mean age 67.7±13.5 years, 50.5% women. Arterial hypertension was the most prevalent VRF (65.7%). National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) median value at admission was 17.0 (8.0; 22.0). 40.9% of cases also received fibrinolytic treatment. Conscious sedation was performed in 66.7% patients. Median passes of MT were 2, and median duration 41min. Successful recanalization was achieved in 79.9% and mRS≤2 at 90 days was registered at 59.5% cases. Age, type 2 diabetes (T2D), number of MT passes and procedure duration were associated with mRS≥3. Successful recanalization was associated with mRS≤2. Regression model confirmed these associations in age (OR: 1.56CI%: 1.11; 2.20); T2D (OR: 3.51CI%: 1.38; 8.97) and successful recanalization (OR: 0.07CI%: 0.02; 0.28).

Age, T2D and failed recanalization increase risk for unfavorable outcome at 90 days in patients with AIS treated with MT. Procedure time duration should be considered as a possible determinant factor in functional outcome.