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Plasmonic meniscus lenses.

Joseph Arnold Riley1,2, Noel Healy1, Victor Pacheco-Peña3

  • 1School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.

Scientific Reports
|January 19, 2022
PubMed
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Researchers designed novel plasmonic meniscus lenses using classical optics. These lenses enhance power and reduce focal depth for surface plasmon polaritons, advancing applications in sensing and optical devices.

Area of Science:

  • Plasmonics and Nanophotonics
  • Classical and Applied Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) offer potential for advanced optical circuits, sensors, and lensing.
  • Controlling SPP propagation is crucial for realizing these applications.
  • Existing methods for SPP manipulation are continuously being improved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate plasmonic lenses with meniscus-like geometries for SPP manipulation.
  • To compare the performance of meniscus lenses against conventional planar lenses.
  • To investigate the broadband response and fabrication tolerance of these novel lenses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized classical optics principles and an adapted lens maker equation.
  • Incorporated effective medium concepts for SPPs in dielectric-metal and dielectric-dielectric-metal configurations.

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  • Designed and simulated two types of plasmonic lenses: quasi-planar and meniscus, with a focal length of 2λ₀ at 633 nm.

    • Main Results:

    • Meniscus plasmonic lenses demonstrated improved power enhancement (22% for 2D, 16.5% for 3D) compared to planar lenses.
    • A significant decrease in focal spot depth of focus was observed (19.8% for 2D, 34.3% for 3D).
    • The study analyzed the broadband response (550-750 nm) and the impact of fabrication errors.

    Conclusions:

    • Plasmonic meniscus lenses offer enhanced focusing capabilities for SPPs.
    • These lenses provide a promising alternative to existing focusing devices for plasmonic applications.
    • The design is robust and adaptable for various sensing and optical manipulation tasks.